python ConfigParser读取配置文件，及解决报错ConfigParser.MissingSectionHeaderError: File contains no section headers的方法，,先说一下在读取配置文

python ConfigParser读取配置文件，及解决报错ConfigParser.MissingSectionHeaderError: File contains no section headers的方法，,先说一下在读取配置文

先说一下在读取配置文件时报错的问题--ConfigParser.MissingSectionHeaderError: File contains no section headers

问题描述：

在练习ConfigParser读取配置文件时，cmd一直报一个错：ConfigParser.MissingSectionHeaderError: File contains no section headers.如图：

D:\test_python>python task_test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "task_test.py", line 20, in <module>
pp=ParsePageObjectRepositoryConfig()
File "task_test.py", line 9, in __init__
self.cf.read("D:\\test_python\\dataDriven\\conf\\PageObjectRepository.ini")
File "C:\Python27\lib\ConfigParser.py", line 305, in read
self._read(fp, filename)
File "C:\Python27\lib\ConfigParser.py", line 512, in _read
raise MissingSectionHeaderError(fpname, lineno, line)
ConfigParser.MissingSectionHeaderError: File contains no section headers.
file: D:\test_python\dataDriven\conf\PageObjectRepository.ini, line: 1
‘\xef\xbb\xbf#\xe6\xaf\x8f\xe4\xb8\xaa\xe9\xa1\xb5\xe9\x9d\xa2\xe7\x94\xa8\xe4\xb8\x80\xe4\xb8\xaasection\xe6\xa0\x87\xe8\xaf\x86\n‘

百度了一下网上的解决方案，

报错是因为配置文件PageObjectRepository.ini在windows下经过notepad编辑后保存为UTF-8或者unicode格式的话，会在文件的开头加上两个字节“\xff\xfe”或者三个字节“\xef\xbb\xbf”。 就是--》BOM

解决的办法就是在配置文件被读取前，把DOM字节个去掉。

网上也给了一个用正则去掉BOM字节的函数：就是把对应的字节替换成空字符串

remove_BOM()函数定义：

def remove_BOM(config_path):
content = open(config_path).read()
content = re.sub(r"\xfe\xff","", content)
content = re.sub(r"\xff\xfe","", content)
content = re.sub(r"\xef\xbb\xbf","", content)
open(config_path, ‘w‘).write(content)

下面贴一下我的配置文件和读取配置文件的代码--：

代码：

#encoding=utf-8
from ConfigParser import ConfigParser
import re

def remove_BOM(config_path):#去掉配置文件开头的BOM字节
content = open(config_path).read()
content = re.sub(r"\xfe\xff","", content)
content = re.sub(r"\xff\xfe","", content)
content = re.sub(r"\xef\xbb\xbf","", content)
open(config_path, ‘w‘).write(content)

class ParsePageObjectRepositoryConfig(object):
def __init__(self,config_path):
self.cf=ConfigParser()#生成解析器
self.cf.read(config_path)
print "-"*80
print "cf.read(config_path):\n", self.cf.read(config_path)

def getItemsFromSection(self,sectionName):
print self.cf.items(sectionName)
return dict(self.cf.items(sectionName))

def getOptionValue(self,sectionName,optionName):#返回一个字典
return self.cf.get(sectionName,optionName)

if __name__==‘__main__‘:
remove_BOM("D:\\test_python\\PageObjectRepository.ini")
pp=ParsePageObjectRepositoryConfig("D:\\test_python\\PageObjectRepository.ini")
remove_BOM
print "-"*80
print "items of ‘126mail_login‘:\n",pp.getItemsFromSection("126mail_login")
print "-"*80
print "value of ‘login_page.username‘ under section ‘126mail_login‘:\n",pp.getOptionValue("126mail_login","login_page.username")

结果：

D:\test_python>python task_test.py
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cf.read(config_path):
[‘D:\\test_python\\PageObjectRepository.ini‘]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
items of ‘126mail_login‘:
[(‘login_page.frame‘, ‘id>x-URS-iframe‘), (‘login_page.username‘, "xpath>//input[@name=‘email‘]"), (‘login_page.password‘, "xpath>//input[@name=‘password‘]"), (‘login_page.loginbutton‘, ‘id>dologin‘)]
{‘login_page.loginbutton‘: ‘id>dologin‘, ‘login_page.username‘: "xpath>//input[@name=‘email‘]", ‘login_page.frame‘: ‘id>x-URS-iframe‘, ‘login_page.password‘: "xpath>//input[@name=‘password‘]"}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
value of ‘login_page.username‘ under section ‘126mail_login‘:
xpath>//input[@name=‘email‘]

python ConfigParser读取配置文件，及解决报错ConfigParser.MissingSectionHeaderError: File contains no section headers的方法